/* CNW Research: title-led archive and long-form web publications. */

body[data-research-index],
body[data-research-article] {
  background: #fff !important;
  color: #111 !important;
}

body[data-research-index] main {
  padding: 116px 0 96px !important;
  background: #f8f7f3 !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .page-hero,
body[data-research-index] .research-archive-intro,
body[data-research-index] .section {
  width: min(calc(100% - 48px), 1320px) !important;
  max-width: 1320px !important;
  margin-left: auto !important;
  margin-right: auto !important;
  padding-left: 0 !important;
  padding-right: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  overflow: visible !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .page-hero {
  padding-top: 44px !important;
  margin-bottom: 28px !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .cnw-page-visual,
body[data-research-index] .cnw-fluid-field {
  display: none !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .page-title {
  max-width: 900px;
  font-size: clamp(54px, 7vw, 104px) !important;
  font-weight: 560 !important;
  line-height: .92 !important;
  letter-spacing: -.065em !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .page-title em {
  color: #111 !important;
  font-style: normal !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .research-archive-intro {
  margin-bottom: 58px !important;
  padding-bottom: 34px !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18) !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .research-archive-intro p {
  max-width: 680px !important;
  color: #62625d !important;
  font-size: 18px !important;
  line-height: 1.55 !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .section { padding-top: 0 !important; }

body[data-research-index] .papers-toolbar {
  margin-bottom: 34px !important;
  padding-bottom: 22px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.16);
}

body[data-research-index] .search-input,
body[data-research-index] .filter-tag {
  border-color: rgba(17,17,17,.2) !important;
  border-radius: 999px !important;
  background: transparent !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .filter-tag.active {
  background: #111 !important;
  color: #fff !important;
}

body[data-research-index] #papersList {
  display: block !important;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18) !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .paper-item,
body[data-research-index] .paper-item:hover {
  position: relative;
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) !important;
  gap: clamp(24px, 4vw, 70px) !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  min-height: 148px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 30px 52px 30px 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18) !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  transform: none !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .paper-item::after {
  content: "↗";
  position: absolute;
  right: 2px;
  top: 50%;
  color: rgba(17,17,17,.3);
  font-size: 24px;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  transition: color .25s ease, transform .35s cubic-bezier(.22,1,.36,1);
}

body[data-research-index] .paper-item:has(.paper-title-link):hover::after {
  color: #111;
  transform: translate(4px,-50%);
}

body[data-research-index] .paper-item:not(:has(.paper-title-link))::after {
  content: "Restricted";
  color: rgba(17,17,17,.38);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

body[data-research-index] .paper-date {
  display: none !important;
}

body[data-research-index] .paper-title {
  margin: 0 !important;
  max-width: 980px;
  color: #111 !important;
  font-size: clamp(27px, 3vw, 46px) !important;
  font-weight: 530 !important;
  letter-spacing: -.045em !important;
  line-height: 1.02 !important;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

body[data-research-index] .paper-title-link {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

body[data-research-index] .paper-tag,
body[data-research-index] .paper-abstract,
body[data-research-index] .paper-meta,
body[data-research-index] .paper-actions {
  display: none !important;
}

/* Long-form research articles */
body[data-research-article] main {
  padding: 132px 24px 120px !important;
  overflow: visible !important;
  background: #fff !important;
}

body[data-research-article],
body[data-research-article] main {
  background: #fff !important;
}

body[data-research-article] .research-article-kicker {
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0 0 32px;
  text-align: center;
}

body[data-research-article] .research-article-title,
body[data-research-article] .research-article-subtitle,
body[data-research-article] .research-article-meta {
  text-align: center;
}

.research-article-hero {
  width: min(100%, 1280px);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 10px 0 104px;
  text-align: center;
}

.research-article-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 32px;
  color: #111;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-article-title {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1240px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  font-size: clamp(66px, 8vw, 118px);
  font-weight: 560;
  letter-spacing: -.07em;
  line-height: .9;
  text-transform: none !important;
  text-wrap: balance;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.research-article-subtitle {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 30px auto 0;
  color: #5f5f59;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 2vw, 24px);
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.research-article-meta {
  margin: 34px 0 0;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 12px 26px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  color: #55554f;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.research-article-meta span + span::before { content: "·"; margin-right: 26px; color: #a2a29b; }

.research-article-visual {
  width: min(100%, 1320px);
  margin: 0 auto 88px;
  padding: clamp(20px, 4vw, 56px);
  border: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.14);
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: #fff;
}

.research-article-visual img {
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 760px;
  display: block;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.research-article-visual figcaption {
  max-width: 860px;
  margin: 22px auto 0;
  color: #777771;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  text-align: center;
}

.research-article-layout {
  width: min(100%, 1340px);
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(180px,1fr) minmax(0,800px) minmax(180px,1fr);
  column-gap: clamp(56px,5.2vw,82px);
  align-items: start;
}

.research-article-toc {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1;
  position: sticky;
  top: 96px;
  display: grid;
  border-top: 0;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 120px);
  overflow-y: auto;
  width: min(100%,230px);
  justify-self: end;
}

.research-toc-content {
  display: grid;
}

.research-toc-content > p {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 13px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18);
  color: #111;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-toc-content a {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 24px 1fr;
  padding: 12px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18);
  color: #777771;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  transition: color .2s ease;
}

.research-toc-content a span { color: #aaa9a2; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

.research-toc-content a:hover { color: #111; }

.research-article-content {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1;
  min-width: 0;
  color: #111;
  font-family: "Inter Tight", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 1.4vw, 20px);
  line-height: 1.58;
}

.research-evidence {
  margin: 0 0 52px;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: #555b5e;
  font: inherit;
}

.research-evidence strong { color: #111; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 600; }

.research-section-number {
  margin: 0 0 14px !important;
  color: #85857e;
  font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
}

.research-article-lead {
  margin: 0 0 54px;
  font-size: clamp(21px, 2vw, 28px);
  line-height: 1.42;
}

.research-article-section {
  scroll-margin-top: 100px;
  margin: 0 0 72px;
}

.research-article-section h2 {
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  font-family: "Inter Tight", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(34px, 4vw, 54px);
  font-weight: 550;
  letter-spacing: -.05em;
  line-height: 1;
  text-transform: none !important;
}

.research-article-section p { margin: 0 0 22px; }

.research-section-lead {
  color: #55554f;
  font-size: 1.08em;
  font-style: normal;
}

.research-metrics {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));
  margin: 12px 0 72px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.22);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.22);
}

.research-metric { padding: 24px 18px 24px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18); }
.research-metric:nth-child(even) { padding-left: 18px; border-left: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18); }
.research-metric:nth-last-child(-n+2) { border-bottom: 0; }
.research-metric strong { display: block; font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: clamp(28px,3vw,44px); font-weight: 570; letter-spacing: -.04em; line-height: 1; }
.research-metric span { display: block; margin-top: 9px; color: #74746e; font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.35; }

.research-inline-figure { margin: 58px 0; padding: clamp(14px, 3vw, 30px); border: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.14); background: #fff; }
.research-inline-figure + .research-inline-figure { margin-top: -34px; }
.research-inline-figure img { width: 100%; display: block; border-radius: 2px; }
.research-inline-figure figcaption { margin-top: 12px; color: #777771; font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.45; }

.research-bullets {
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18);
}

.research-bullets li {
  position: relative;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 14px 0 14px 28px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18);
}

.research-bullets li::before { content: "↳"; position: absolute; left: 0; color: #777771; }

.research-equation {
  margin: 38px 0;
  padding: 26px 28px;
  border-left: 3px solid #111;
  background: #efede6;
  font-family: "Times New Roman", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(22px, 3vw, 32px);
  text-align: center;
}

.research-equation span { display: block; margin-top: 8px; color: #73736d; font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; }

.research-table-wrap { width: 100%; margin: 34px 0; overflow-x: auto; border-top: 1px solid #111; }
.research-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; }
.research-table th { padding: 13px 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid #111; text-align: left; font-weight: 700; }
.research-table td { padding: 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.16); white-space: nowrap; }
.research-table tbody tr:hover { background: rgba(17,17,17,.035); }

.research-note {
  margin: 34px 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: #555b5e;
  font: inherit;
}

.research-note strong { color: #111; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 600; }
.research-note p { margin: 0; color: inherit; font: inherit; }

.research-mechanism-grid {
  margin: 46px 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr auto 1fr auto 1fr;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: stretch;
  font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif;
}

.research-mechanism-grid > div { padding: 18px; border: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18); background: #fff; }
.research-mechanism-grid > div span { display: block; margin-bottom: 24px; color: #999991; font-size: 10px; }
.research-mechanism-grid > div strong { display: block; font-size: 15px; }
.research-mechanism-grid > div p { margin: 8px 0 0; color: #676761; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.4; }
.research-mechanism-grid > i { align-self: center; color: #92928b; font-style: normal; }

.research-duration-chart { margin: 42px 0; padding: 28px; border: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18); background: #fff; font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif; }
.research-duration-chart > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 130px 1fr 54px; gap: 14px; align-items: center; margin: 14px 0; font-size: 12px; }
.research-duration-chart i { width: var(--duration); height: 22px; display: block; background: #123b55; }
.research-duration-chart > div:nth-child(2) i { background: #43a9a4; }
.research-duration-chart strong { font-size: 12px; text-align: right; }
.research-duration-chart > p { margin: 20px 0 0; color: #777771; font-size: 11px; }

.research-references { scroll-margin-top: 100px; margin: 96px 0 0; padding-top: 36px; border-top: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.22); }
.research-references h2 { margin: 0 0 28px; font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: clamp(34px,4vw,52px); font-weight: 550; letter-spacing: -.05em; text-transform: none !important; }
.research-references ol { margin: 0; padding-left: 22px; }
.research-references li { margin: 0 0 14px; padding-left: 8px; color: #55554f; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; }

.research-document-link {
  margin-top: 84px;
  padding-top: 28px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.22);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  font-family: "Inter Tight", Arial, sans-serif;
}

.research-document-link > div { display: grid; gap: 5px; }
.research-document-link strong { font-size: 14px; }
.research-document-link span { color: #686862; font-size: 12px; }
.research-document-link a { color: #111; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 650; text-decoration: none; }

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  body[data-research-index] .paper-item,
  body[data-research-index] .paper-item:hover { grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; gap: 9px !important; min-height: 0 !important; padding: 26px 40px 26px 0 !important; }
  body[data-research-index] .paper-title { font-size: clamp(25px,7vw,36px) !important; }
  .research-article-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-article-toc { grid-column: 1; grid-row: auto; position: static; width: 100%; justify-self: stretch; margin-bottom: 34px; }
  .research-toc-content { grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); }
  .research-article-content { grid-column: 1; grid-row: auto; }
  .research-article-toc { max-height: none; overflow: visible; }
  .research-toc-content > p { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  .research-toc-content a:nth-child(odd) { padding-right: 16px; }
  .research-article-visual { margin-bottom: 54px; }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  body[data-research-index] .page-hero,
  body[data-research-index] .research-archive-intro,
  body[data-research-index] .section { width: calc(100% - 28px) !important; }
  body[data-research-index] .page-title { font-size: 52px !important; }
  body[data-research-article] main { padding: 104px 14px 84px !important; }
  .research-article-hero { padding: 16px 0 44px; }
  .research-article-kicker { margin-bottom: 24px; font-size: 11px; }
  .research-article-title { max-width: 100%; font-size: clamp(43px, 12vw, 58px); letter-spacing: -.06em; line-height: .92; }
  .research-article-subtitle { margin-top: 24px; font-size: 17px; }
  .research-article-visual { padding: 12px; }
  .research-article-visual figcaption { margin-top: 14px; text-align: left; }
  .research-article-content { font-size: 18px; }
  .research-article-section h2 { font-size: 36px; }
  .research-mechanism-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-mechanism-grid > i { justify-self: center; transform: rotate(90deg); }
  .research-duration-chart > div { grid-template-columns: 104px 1fr 48px; }
  .research-article-meta { flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; }
  .research-article-meta span + span::before { display: none; }
  .research-toc-content { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-metrics { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-metric,
  .research-metric:nth-child(even),
  .research-metric:nth-last-child(-n+2) { padding: 18px 0; border-left: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.18); }
  .research-metric:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
  .research-document-link { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; }
}